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1935) The Evangelical Lutheran church of Vesela Dolyna (Romanian: Cleaștiţa, German: Klöstitz), situated in Budjak, initially populated by Bessarabian Germans (up until 1940) A group of Banat Swabians in 1940, celebrating 'Kirchweih' (or 'Kerwei' in their local dialect)[41] A Dobrujan German in Culelia The ruins of the Evangelical Lutheran church of Malcoci (German: Malkotsch) of the Dobrujan Germans in Tulcea County Transylvanian Saxon couple from Bistrița (German: Bistritz/Nösen) area Transylvanian Saxon couple from Sibiu (German: Hermannstadt) Traditional Saxon woman costume from Brașov (German: Kronstadt) See also[edit] External links[edit] Germanii din România: între nazism și stalinism by William Totok on Observatorul Cultural (in Romanian) Archiving family memories and dreams – stories about the German minorities in Romania (with many archive images; English/German) by Gerlinde Schuller Further reading[edit] Povești din folclorul germanilor din România by Roland Schenn, Corint publishing house, 2014 (in Romanian) References[edit] ^ Official Romanian census from 2011 ^ Dr.
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e. 'Banat French'). [13][14][15][16] Contributions to Romanian culture[edit] The Black Church (German: Die Schwarze Kirche, Romanian: Biserica Neagră) in Brașov (German: Kronstadt), a representative landmark of the German community in Romania. The German community in Romania has been actively and consistently contributing to the culture of the country. Notable examples include: Romanian architecture (e. g. the picturesque Transylvanian villages with fortified churches, known in German as kirchenburgen), or some of the most renowned castles as well as several medieval town centers with local markets, all of them highly popular touristic attractions);[17][18][19][20] Romanian language (where approximately 3% of the words in the Romanian lexis are of German origin, mainly stemming from the influence of the Transylvanian Saxons and, later on, that of Austrians);[21][22][23][24][25] Romanian literature (the first letter written in Romanian was addressed to the former early 16th century mayor of Kronstadt, Johannes Benkner, and the first Romanian language book was printed in Hermannstadt).
To this day, it is the only German-language newspaper published in Eastern Europe. [40] Regional German-language publications also include the Neue Banater Zeitung in Banat and the Hermannstädter Zeitung for the town of Sibiu (German: Hermannstadt). Previously, in the passing of time, other historical German-language newspapers included: Arbeiter-Zeitung, Temeswarer Nachrichten, and Banater Arbeiter-Presse in Banat, Vorwärts in Bukovina, and Neuer Weg in Bucharest. Gallery[edit] Historical coat of arms of the Transylvanian Saxons Historical coat of arms of the Bukovina Germans Historical coat of arms of the Banat Swabians Historical coat of arms of the Sathmar Swabians 13th century map of the Kingdom of Hungary highlighting Saxon-populated areas Distribution of ethnic Germans in Central and Eastern Europe in 1925, also highlighting German settlements in the Kingdom of Romania Traditional areas of settlement for the Saxons and Swabians in Transylvania and Banat, Kingdom of Romania (at the round of the 20th century) A group of Bessarabian Germans (c.
Nowadays, the Nikolaus Lenau High School is considered the most important of its kind from Banat. [38] In Sibiu, the Samuel von Brukenthal National College is the oldest German-language school from Romania (recorded as early as the 14th century), being also classified as a historical monument. It was subsequently renamed this way in reference to baron Samuel von Brukenthal, a Transylvanian Saxon aristocrat. Additionally, there is one Goethe Institut cultural centre based in Bucharest as well as five Deutsche Kultzertrum based in Iași, Brașov, Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, and Sibiu. [39] Media[edit] Logo of Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung für Rumänien The Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung für Rumänien (ADZ) is the daily German-language newspaper in contemporary Romania.
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[31] Furthermore, the bilateral political and cultural relationships between post–1989 Romania and the unified Federal Republic of Germany have seen a continuous positive evolution since the signing of a friendship treaty between the two countries in 1992. [32] Additionally, on the occasion of the election of Frank-Walter Steinmeier as President of Germany in 2017, current Romanian president Klaus Johannis stated, among others, that: "[...
Gerhard Reichning, Die deutschen Vertriebenen in Zahlen, Teil 1, Bonn 1995, Page 17 ^ Die deutschen Vertreibungsverluste. Bevölkerungsbilanzen für die deutschen Vertreibungsgebiete 1939/50. Herausgeber: Statistisches Bundesamt – Wiesbaden. - Stuttgart: Kohlhammer Verlag, 1958 Page 46 ^ "Romania's ethnic Germans get their day in the spotlight".
[6] Subsequently, the Romanian Old Kingdom was also colonized by Germans, firstly in Dobruja and then gradually in Moldavia and Wallachia. Detailed map depicting the traditional settlement areas of the Romanian-Germans in Transylvania and Banat, two historical regions situated in central, respectively southwestern present-day Romania. Therefore, given their rather complex geographic background, besides major border changes took place in the region throughout history (after World War I, Romania expanded its territory from the pre-war 137, 000 km2 (53, 000 sq mi) to 295, 049 km2 (113, 919 sq mi).
In addition, the once influential Bukovina German community also drastically dwindled in numbers, primarily as of the cause of the Heim ins Reich population transfer, leaving only several thousands of ethnic Germans in southern Bukovina (or Suceava County) after the end of World War II. As Communism paved its way in Romania, most of the remaining Bukovina Germans decided to gradually leave the country for West Germany up until 1989 (and even beyond). [citation needed] Furthermore, during the 1970s and 1980s, tens of thousands of other Romanian-Germans were 'bought back' by the West German government under a program to reunite families - and following the collapse of Nicolae Ceaușescu's regime in December 1989, around 200, 000 Germans left their homes in Romania.
Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 7 April 2020. ^ Daniel Ursprung (2015). "The German Minority in Romania: a Historical Overview" (PDF). University of Zürich. Retrieved 21 June 2020. ^ Dr. Hans Georg Franchy, Horst Göbbel, Heide Wellmann, Annemarie Wagner, Werner Reschner (2010). "Wir Nösner, Beiträge zur Geschichte und Kultur der Stadt Bistritz und des Nösnerlandes" (PDF).
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